Glossary

17beta-estradiol

A female hormone, considered to be the most potent naturally occurring estrogen in humans.

endometrial hyperplasia

An increase in the bulk of the inner lining of the uterus.

estrogen

General term for any substance that stimulates female sex characteristics. Estrogens stimulate growth of the breasts, reproductive organs, and long bones, and are used to treat the estrogen deficiency associated with menopause.

hormone

Specifically, a sex hormone (such as estrogen, progesterone, testosterone) produced by the ovaries (in women), testes (in men), or adrenal glands (in both women and men) that affects the growth or function of the reproductive organs or the development of secondary sex characteristics. Can also be used as medications when made in a laboratory to be identical to what the body makes, or somewhat different but with similar effects. Also includes non-sex hormones such as thyroid hormone.

hypothalamus

A part of the brain involved in controlling the release of hormones from the pituitary gland.

hysterectomy

Surgical removal of the uterus.

menopause

Permanent cessation of menstruation. Menopause is defined as the absence of menstrual periods for 12 consecutive months.

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